… of pyruvate from the mitochondrial matrix to the cytosol must … In the isolated rat heart,
MAS suppression by the … activity was critical for the lactate metabolism in the two-cell …

… relative levels of lactate and pyruvate in hearts of mice subjected … ratio is a sensitive surrogate
indicator of redox state of the … directly measure NADH:NAD + ratio in vivo, the use of lactate:…

… continuous energy needs of heart and brain, the … Pyruvate (P) and lactate (L) are in equilibrium
with a high NAD/NADH ratio (low NADH) driven by lactate dehydrogenase in the cytosol …

… as quickly as conventional measures (arterial lactate, blood … Nicotinamide adenine
dinucleotide (NAD) is an intracellular … and pyruvate and NADH begin to accumulate in the cytosol. …

… , is a precursor for nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+)… that rather convert pyruvate
to lactate and regenerate NAD+ … in the cytosol to maintain glycolysis and lactate conversion to …

… important redox pair is nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (… redox pairs, typically lactate
and pyruvate in the cytosol, and β… C]pyruvate allow detection of the redox response in cytosol …

… period compared to heart perfused with buffer containing pyruvate + lactate + glucose + …
redox state of free nicotinamide-adenine dinucleotide in the cytoplasm and mitochondria of rat …

… acid cycle, malate-aspartate shuttle, the nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide/reduced …
transformation of pyruvate to lactate will consume protons, and the NADH in cytoplasm will …

… yields reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH) … highly expressed in the cytoplasm
and the sarcoplasmic … as pyruvate metabolism, fatty acid metabolism, lactate production, …

… MOTIVATION Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) exists in an … redox state in mitochondria
and cytosol during metabolic stress in ACMs. We found that addition of 1 mM pyruvate …